Ataturk

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1st President of Turkey In officeOctober 29, 1923 – November 10, 1938 Succeeded by İsmet İnönü
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1st Prime Minister of Turkey In office3 May 1920 – 24 January 1921 Succeeded by Fevzi Çakmak
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1st Speaker of the Parliament In officeApril 24, 1920 – October 29, 1923 Succeeded by Ali Fethi Okyar
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1st Leader of the R.P.P. In office1919 – 1938 Succeeded by İsmet İnönü
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Born May 19, 1881(1881-05-19)Selânik (Thessaloniki) Died November 10, 1938 (aged 57)Dolmabahçe Palace, İstanbul Nationality Turkish Political party Republican People's Party Spouse Lâtife Uşaklıgil (1923–25) Religion Islam[1] Signature Military Service Ottoman Empire(1893 - 8 July 1919)Turkey(9 July 1919 - 30 June 1927) Branch Army Rank Ottoman Empire: GeneralRepublic of Turkey: Mareşal Unit Commands 19th Division - XVI corps - 2nd Army - 7th Army - Thunder Groups Command Battles/wars Tobruk - Anzac Cove - Chunuk Bair - Scimitar Hill - Sari Bair - Bitlis - Sakarya - Dumlupınar - Awards List (24 medals) Graphical TimelineDetailed Chronology Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (series) Personal life Birth date · Name · Early life (Education) · Family · Character · Religious beliefs · Will · Publications Military career Early period · Gallipoli · Caucasus · Sinai and Palestine Independence War Establishment · Conflicts · Peace Atatürk's Reforms & Kemalist ideology Gallery: Picture, Sound, Video Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (May 19, 1881 – November 10, 1938) was an army officer, revolutionary statesman, and founder of the Republic of Turkey as well as its first President.
Mustafa Kemal established himself as an intelligent and extremely capable military commander while serving as a division commander at the Battle of Gallipoli. He later fought with distinction on the eastern Anatolian and Palestinian fronts, making a name for himself during World War I.[2] Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire at the hands of the Allies, and the subsequent plans for its partition, Mustafa Kemal led the Turkish national movement in what would become the Turkish War of Independence. Having established a provisional government in Ankara, he defeated the forces sent by the Entente powers. His successful military campaigns led to the liberation of the country and to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey.
As the first President of Turkey, Atatürk embarked upon a major programme of political, economic and cultural reforms. An admirer of the Enlightenment, Atatürk sought to transform the ruins of the Ottoman Empire into a modern, democratic, secular, nation-state. The principles of Atatürk's reforms are often referred to as Kemalism and continue to form the political foundation of the modern Turkish state.
Contents [hide]1 Early life 2 Military career 3 Leadership during the War of Independence 4 Presidency, 1923–1938 4.1 Domestic policies 4.1.1 Single-party state 4.1.2 Civic independence and the Caliphate 4.1.3 Opposition, 1924-1927 4.1.4 Modernization efforts 4.2 Foreign policies 4.2.1 Issue of Mosul 4.2.2 Treaty of Saadabad 4.2.3 Issue of Hatay 4.3 Economic policies 4.3.1 State intervention, 1923–1929 4.3.2 The Great Depression, 1929–1931 4.3.3 Liberalization and planned growth, 1931–1939 4.4 Social policies 4.4.1 Women's rights 4.4.2 Culture 4.4.3 Decree on dress 4.4.4 Religious freedoms 5 Personal life 6 Legacy 6.1 Peace at home, peace in the world 6.2 Turkey 6.3 Worldwide 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References